网站公告列表     中小学英语网开通了,欢迎大家光临。本站提供许多珍贵的资料与有用的资讯,与大家分享,共同铸就辉煌。  [dxd123  2006年6月30日]        
加入收藏
设为首页
联系站长
您现在的位置: 中小学英语 >> 学习 >> 同步课堂 >> 高中 >> 高一 >> 英语学习栏目正文
  新课标人教版板块1unit1mp3            【字体:
新课标人教版板块1unit1mp3
作者:佚名    英语学习栏目来源:本站原创    点击数:    更新时间:2006-9-5    

冠词常见考点归纳

一、aan的用法区别

a用于辅音前;an用于元音前。一般说来,元音字母发元音,辅音字母发辅音。

【真题再现】Have you ever seen ______ tree as tall as this one? (1985全国)

A. a                     B. such                 C. an                D. /

解析:表示一类事物中的任一个用不定冠词,又因tree以辅音[t]开头(也是以辅音字母开头)a。句意是:“你曾见过与这棵树一样高的树吗?”答案是A

但需请注意以下3点:

(1) 拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词

       hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用an

       【真题再现】I have been waiting for him for ______hour and a half. (1980全国)

A. the             B. a                 C. an               D. whole

解析:表示数量“一”用不定冠词,又因hour以元音开头,故用an。答案是C

       (2) 拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词

       useful, university, usual, united, European, one-eyed, one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用a

【真题再现】Five years ago her brother was _____university student of _____physics. (1990上海)

A. a; the                B. an; the               C. an; /                  D. a; /

       解析:因为university是以辅音[j]开头的要用a,排除BCphysics是学科名词,前面不用冠词。答案是D

       (3) 英文字母前用a还是用an的问题

       26个英文字母中,a, e, i, o, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x12个字母的读音是以元音开头的,其余字母的读音则是以辅音开头的。

       【真题再现】Please pay attention to your spelling. You have dropped _____”m” here. (1989上海)

       A. an              B. the             C. /                D. a

       解析:因为字母m的发音是以元音[e]开头的,所以用an;这里的an的意义与one相当,表示“一个”。答案是A

       二、不定冠词的主要用法

1. 不定冠词用在单数可数名词前表示泛指某类人或事物中的一个,意为“一个/////次……”a用在辅音前,而an用在元音前。

       【真题再现】(1)Have you seen ______pen? I left it here this morning.

       Is it ______black one? I think I saw it somewhere. (1997全国)

A. a; the           B. the; the              C. the; a           D. a; a

解析:两空都指一类事物中的一个,句意分别是“你看到过一支钢笔吗?”“是一支黑色的钢笔吗?”答案是D

       (2)Where is my blue shirt?

       It's in the washing machine. You have to wear ______different one. (2003)

A. any             B. the             C. a               D. other

       解析:表示不得不穿另一件衬衣,故用不定冠词。答案是C

       (3)An accident happened at ______crossroads a few metres away from ______bank. (2003上海)

A. a; a                 B. /; a                        C. /; the               D. the; /

解析:句子大意是:“在离某个银行几米远的一个交叉路口发生了一起事故。”注意bankcrossroads都是单数可数名词。答案是A

(4)The Wilsons live in _____A-shaped house near the coast. It is _____17th century cottage. (2004浙江)

      A. the , /          B. an, the          C. /, the              D. an, a

解析:两者都是指某类事物中的一个。句意是:威尔逊一家住在海岸附近的一座A形的房子里;那是一座17世纪时建的别墅。答案是D

(5)There was _____time _____I hated to go to school. (2004湖北)

       A. a, that               B. a, when             C. the, that            D. the, when

解析:前者指“一段时间”用a time;后者是定语从句,代表先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导。答案是B

      (6)In ______ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of ______heart disease by 76%. (2006湖南)

A. a; the               B. the; a                C. a; 不填    D. 不填; a

解析:表示“一项调查”,用不定冠词aheart disease前通常不用冠词。答案是C

       2. 表示“(数量)一”“每一”“同一(of +a/an +n.)”。

       【真题再现】(1)I earn 10 dollars ______hour as ______ supermarket cashier on Saturdays. (2003上海)

A. a ; an              B. the ; a             C. an; a               D. an; the

       解析:前者表示“每一(小时)”用不定冠词,又因hour以元音开头,用an;后者是在表示职业身份的单数可数名词前,用不定冠词a。答案是C

       (2)There's ______ dictionary on ______ desk by your side. (2003京春)

A. a; the                 B. a; a             C. the; a                 D. the; the

解析:前者表示“有一本词典”用a;后者是特指“你旁边的那张桌子”用the。答案是A

       (3)For a long time they walked without saying _____word. Jim was the first to break _____silence. (2004湖南)

A. the; a              B. a; the             C. a; 不填                 D. the; 不填

       解析:without saying a word(没有说一句话)中的a表示数量“一”。the silence是特指前面提到的这种沉默。答案是B

       (4)Mrs. Tailor has _____ 8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for painting she has won two national prizes. (2005浙江)

A. a, a                   B. an, the               C. an, a                 D. the, a

解析:前空表示数量一用不定冠词,因8的读音是以元音开头的,用an;后空have a gift for (有……天赋)是固定搭配。答案是C

3. 用于作表语或作as的宾语的职业或身份的名词前。

【真题再现】When he left _____college, he got a job as _____reporter in a newspaper office. (2004天津)

A. 不填;a          B. 不填;the         C. a ; the              D. the ; the

解析:leave college意为“大学毕业”;在as后表示职业或身份的单数名词前通常要用不定冠词。答案是A

       三、定冠词的主要用法

       1. 定冠词the的基本用法,即表示特指,相当于this(), that(), these(这些), those(那些)。包括指上文提到过的人或事物,或者双方都知道的人或事物。

       【真题再现】(1)If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ______. (2004四川)

      A. a price                     B. price                 C. the price            D. prices

       解析:price特指双方都知道的某个价格。句意是:如果你买10个以上,他们会从那个价钱中减掉20便士。答案是C      

      (2)_____on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _____major concern of the country. (2004北京)

A. The; 不填         B. The; a              C. An; the              D. An; 不填

解析:因为division后有介词短语between…and…的限制,这是特指的,所以要用the;又因为concern作“所关切的事”解是可数名词,表示“这个国家所关切的一件大事”,所以前面要用不定冠词。答案是B

       (3)On ______ news today, there were ______ reports of heavy snow in that area. (2004)

A. the; the      B. the;不填         C.不填;不填                   D. 不填;the

解析:前者是特指今天的消息,用the,排除选项CD;在there be结构后的名词前通常不用the。答案是B

       (4)If you grow up in _____ large family, you are more likely to develop _____ ability to get on well with ______ others. (2005江西)

A. /; an; the        B. a; the; /         C. the; an; the      D. a; the; the

解析:第一空是单数可数名词表示泛指用不定冠词a;第二空后的不定式作定语表示特指用the;第三空是复数表示泛指,不用冠词。答案是B

       (5)—I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.

       —You shouldn’t put drinks near ________ computer. (2006北京)

A. the; 不填          B. the; a                       C. a; 不填             D. a; a

解析:前者是特指谈话双方心里都知道的键盘,用the;后者是泛指任何一台电脑,用a。答案是B

       (6)Don’t worry if you can’t come to ______ party. ——I’ll save ______ cake for you. (2006浙江)

A. the; some          B. a; much             C. the; any             D. a; little

       解析:前面的party是特指双方心目中都知道的那个晚会,用the,排除BD;因在肯定句中,用而不用,排除C。答案是A

       2. 用于“the+比较级”表示“两者中较……的”那一个人或事物。

      【真题再现】(1)Which is _____country, Canada or Australia? (1992全国)

    A. a large            B. larger              C. a larger           D. the larger

解析:表示“(两个国家中)较大的那一个国家”,用the,答案是D。注意若去掉句中的country,则应选B

(2)If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ____. (1995上海)

    A. good             B. the best       C. better            D. the better

解析:表示“(在这两者人中)John是较好的那一个”,用the better,答案是D

       (3)Of the two sisters, Betty is ______ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (2006安徽)
       A. a younger          B. a youngest                C. the younger       D. the youngest
      
解析:表示“两姐妹中较的年青的那一个”,在比较级前加the。答案是C

       3. 用于介词短语中的方位名词前

       【真题再现】Summer in _____south of France is for ______most part dry and sunny. (2000京春)

    A. /, a                     B. the, /            C. /, /             D. the, the

解析:在带介词的方位名词前用thefor the most part (多半,大部分时间)是固定词组,答案是D。但在没有介词的方位名词前,不用冠词。如:

We stood at the top of the mountain _____east of the city, watching _____burning sun rising.

       A. 不填;a           B. the; a                C. the; the             D. 不填;the

       解析:east of前没有介词,不用thesun前一般用the,但有形容词修饰时,用a表示“一个……样的太阳”。答案是A

       4. 用于最高级形容词或副词前

       【真题再现】(1)Where’s ______nearest bookstore? 

       There’s one at _____ end of the street. (2000上海春)

      A. the; an    B. a; the      C. the; the     D. a; an

       解析:前者是最高级形容词前用the;后者at the end of(在……的尽头或末尾)是固定词组。答案是C

       (2)Of all ______reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was ______ most important one. (2006辽宁)

A. the; a               B. 不填;a           C. 不填; the          D. the; the

解析:前者是表示特指,用the;由前面的of all…表示范围,可知后者是最高级,也用the。答案是D

       5. 用于play后的西洋乐器名词前。

       【真题再现】(1)Alice is fond of playing ______piano while Henry is intersted in listening to ______music. (1989全国)

       A. (不填);the            B. (不填); (不填)   C. the; (不填)     D. the; the

       解析:前者是play后西洋乐器名词piano前习惯上用the;抽像名词music是不可数名词,不是特指时不用冠词。答案是C

       (2)After watching _____TV, she played ______violin for an hour. (1991全国)

      A. 不填, 不填     B. the, the            C. the, 不填        D. 不填, the

       解析:play(弹,演奏)后接的西洋乐器violin前要用thewatch TV是习惯说法,不用冠词。答案是D    

注意:在象erhu(二胡)之类的汉语拼音的中国民乐名称前,就不用冠词。

       6. 用于“the +逢十的复数基数词”前表示年代

【真题再现】It is not rare in _____that people in ____fifties are going to university for further education. (1999上海)   

       A. 90s; the                 B. the 90s; /         C. 90s; their        D. the 90s; their

       解析:表示在几十年代,用“the+逢十的复数基数词”,排除选项AC;表示在某人几十多岁时,用“one’s+逢十的复数基数词”。答案是D

       7. 用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”(越……就越……)句型中

【真题再现】It is believed that _____ you work, _____result you'll get. (1993上海)

      A. the harder; the better                    B. the more hard; the most better

C. the harder; a better                      D. more hard; more better

解析:由句式“the+比较级,the+比较级”可判断答案是A

       8. 用于by the dozen/gallon/ ton/yard/ year/month/day/hour等结构中表示计量单位,意为“按/以……(//付款)”,常与buy, sell, rent, charge等动词连用。

       【真题再现】As a rule, the workers are paid ______.(2004上海春)

A. by the hour      B. by hour     C. by an hour      D. by hours

解析:表示工人的工资“按小时付”用by the hour。答案是A

注意:在by weight(按重量)中不用the

       9. 用于“动词++